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New Delhi:
For all those smokers out there, chances are you're not thinking
about your child, spouse or others around you when you light up a
cigarette. Think twice, say doctors.
Passive smoking, often dubbed the 'silent killer', is more
dangerous than you believe and the complications it creates have
gone up like never before.
"Passive smoking is little talked about. But it's critical.
Getting exposed to second-hand smoke is just as bad as active
smoking and passive smokers often suffer from lung problems,
breathlessness and allergies," Ravindra L. Kulkarni, a
cardiologist and director of Just for Hearts, an organisation for
heart care and lifestyle management, told IANS.
The first global study on passive smoking estimated that it causes
600,000 deaths every year. One-third of those killed are children
who are often exposed to smoke at home, the World Health
Organisation (WHO) estimated.
"Just by getting yourself exposed to smoke, you unknowingly expose
yourself to all kinds of health problems. Women and children are
especially vulnerable," Amol Akhade, a consultant medical
oncologist at International Oncology Services, told IANS.
According to experts, a smoker's exhaled smoke is called exhaled
mainstream smoke. The smoke drifting from their lit cigarette is
called sidestream smoke. The combination of mainstream and
sidestream smoke is called second-hand smoke (SHS) or
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
Most of the smoke that hangs in a room is sidestream smoke, which
contains higher levels of cancer-causing compounds than mainstream
smoke.
"Second-hand smoke is a common indoor pollutant at homes...
sometimes because of reasons beyond your control, like a guest
smoking, or smoke drifting in from outside. Children in particular
are at risk of serious health effects from second-hand smoke,"
said Aarti Goyal, a health activist.
According to Kulkarni, there have been rising number of
asthma-like cases and of allergic reactions because of passive
smoking.
"One of the biggest disadvantage of tackling passive smoking is
that it is not visible, unlike active smoking," he said.
"There are not as many studies done of how many people are
affected by it. But from the cases that we get, we have seen that
people exposed to smoke sometimes suffer from allergic reactions
and it is worse for those with lung problems and asthma," he said.
Irritation of the eyes, nose and throat are some of the other
complaints.
Passive smokers have a higher risk of heart diseases, doctors say.
So if you smoke and your spouse does not, beware.
Studies also show that long-term exposure to second-hand smoke can
increase the chances of lung cancer by 20-30 percent.
Chances of artheosclerosis, or narrowing of the arteries, also
increases in cases of long-term exposure to second-hand smoke.
While measures have been adopted to curb the ill-effects of
smoking by means of putting a law in place that bans smoking in
public places, poor implementation remains a problem.
"The risk of passive smoking is rising rapidly among the urban
population. Banning smoking is one of the strategies to minimise
the bad effects, but implementation is a major issue," Akhade
said.
"The high pollution level increases the risk more," said Kulkarni.
Spreading awareness may be a way to curb the problem.
Anoop Jain, an occasional smoker, for instance, had no idea about
the harms of passive smoking.
"I smoke occasionally when I am under stress. I know it is harmful
to my health, but I had no idea that it was so harmful to my
family too," he said.
"It is especially scary that our kids get exposed to so much
second-hand smoke every day! At home, the situation is under our
control, but what about outside?" asked Rani Mehra, a mother of
two school-going children.
(Azera Parveen
Rahman can be contacted at azera.rahman@gmail.com)
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